What You Need To Know
Leaders and officials from nearly 200 countries will descend on Glasgow, Scotland in November for a fortnight of crunch talks aimed at saving the planet from climate catastrophe.
After a quarter-century of these United Nations talks, countries have failed to keep temperatures within safe limits. The effects are already being felt around the world. This year alone has seen devastating floods hitting Germany and China, and wildfires in California. Temperatures have risen 1.1 degrees Celsius since the start of the industrial revolution and they’re on track to reach 2.7°C by 2100.
President Joe Biden has brought the U.S. back to the table, but he has a steep hill to climb to show that the U.S. is doing its bit. His special climate envoy John Kerry is working with the U.K. COP26 President Alok Sharma to try and keep alive the hope that global warming can be limited to 1.5°C. Sharma has said he wants to use the summit to “consign coal to history”.
Delegates will also discuss how to channel more money from rich nations to developing countries to help them cut planet-warming emissions and invest in measures to protect them from more extreme weather. Part of that involves working out the rules for trading carbon offsets in a market run by the United Nations.
Key Coverage
By The Numbers
- 197 Parties in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- $100 billion Amount that rich countries promised to mobilize for poor countries each year, by 2020
- 1.1C The amount of warming the world has already experienced since the start of the industrial revolution
Why It Matters
The pressure is on emerging economies such as China and India to phase out coal, the dirtiest fossil fuel. They’re among dozens of countries that have yet to announce new climate pledges. Rich countries have also failed to deliver on their promise of mobilizing $100 billion a year in climate finance.
The Glasgow conference will also take place amid a backdrop of deep tension between the world’s two biggest emitters: China and the U.S. The pandemic that has upended the global economy over the last 20 months has also stoked anger among developing countries about vaccine inequality.
“The planet is burning. There’s extreme weather all over the place,” said former Maldives President Mohamed Nasheed, who serves as ambassador to the Climate Vulnerable Forum. “It’s sad that we’ve not given the urgency to the issue.”
While expectations are low for a global breakthrough akin to the Paris Agreement in 2015, progress could come in the form of smaller initiatives that target specific solutions. Denmark and Costa Rica are pushing countries to join the Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance, a commitment to end oil and gas production. The U.S. and EU have started a pledge to cut methane, and the UN launched a pact to stop building new coal plants.
Britain's incoming COP26 President argues that financial institutions risk living in the past if they don't take rigorous steps to invest in fighting climate change.
Timeline
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